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🧪 INGREDIENTS GUIDE
The Science Behind
Supplement Ingredients
Our ingredient library explains what the research actually shows — effective doses, mechanisms of action, and what marketing claims get wrong.
Key Ingredients in Male Supplements
🌿 L-Citrulline
L-Citrulline is an amino acid that converts to L-Arginine in the kidneys, extending nitric oxide production. Unlike direct L-Arginine supplementation, L-Citrulline has superior bioavailability because it bypasses first-pass metabolism in the liver. Clinical studies have used doses of 3–6g daily. It's one of the most well-supported vascular health ingredients in sports and men's health research.
🌿 Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma Longifolia)
Tongkat Ali is one of the most studied botanicals for male hormonal support. The patented LJ100® extract has been evaluated in multiple randomized controlled trials. Research suggests it may support free testosterone levels by reducing SHBG binding and lowering cortisol. Studies have used standardized extracts at 200–400mg daily. Look for products specifying the extract ratio (100:1 or standardized to eurycomanone content).
🌿 Saw Palmetto
Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) is the most extensively studied natural ingredient for prostate health. It is believed to work by inhibiting 5-alpha reductase — the enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT, a form linked to prostate enlargement. Clinical trials have used 160–320mg of fat-soluble extract daily. The evidence for urinary symptom relief in mild-to-moderate BPH is reasonably strong, though results vary between studies.
🌿 Boron
Boron is a trace mineral with an emerging body of research supporting its role in male hormonal health. A 2011 study published in the Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology found that 10mg of boron daily for one week significantly increased free testosterone and decreased estradiol in male subjects. It is also being studied for its roles in vitamin D metabolism and bone health. It appears in several higher-quality male formulas, typically at 5–10mg.
🌿 Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera)
Ashwagandha is an adaptogen with robust clinical evidence for stress and cortisol reduction. A 2019 double-blind RCT published in Medicine found that 600mg of KSM-66® Ashwagandha extract significantly improved testosterone levels, sperm quality, and sexual function versus placebo. Its mechanism involves cortisol reduction — lower cortisol allows the HPG axis to function more effectively, supporting testosterone production. Look for standardized extracts (KSM-66® or Sensoril®) at 300–600mg daily.
Looking for Supplements That Contain These Ingredients?
Our Supplement Reviews section organizes reviewed formulas by category — so you can find products that contain the ingredients most relevant to your specific health goals.
The information on this page is for educational purposes only. References to clinical research are provided for informational context and do not constitute medical claims about any specific product.
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